Go语言自学系列 | golang标准库encoding/xml

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xml包实现xml解析

核心的两个函数

func Marshal(v interface{}) ([]byte, error)

将struct编码成xml，可以接收任意类型

func Unmarshal(data []byte, v interface{}) error

将xml转码成struct结构体

两个核心结构体

type Decoder struct {
    ...
}

从输入流读取并解析xml

type Encoder struct {
    // contains filtered or unexpected fields
}

写xml到输出流

package main

import (
    "encoding/xml"
    "fmt"
)

type Person struct {
    XMLName xml.Name `xml:"person"`
    Name    string   `xml:"name"`
    Age     int      `xml:"age"`
    Email   string   `xml:"email"`
}

func Marshal() {
    p := Person {
        Name: "tom",
        Age: 20,
        Email: "[e-mail]",
    }
    // b, _ := xml.Marshal(p)
    // 有缩进格式
    b, _ := xml.MarshalIndent(p, " ", "  ")
    fmt.Printf("%v\n", string(b))
}

func main() {
    Marshal()
}

运行结果

[Running] go run "/Users/guoliang/Documents/Source Code/go/test.go"
 <person>
   <name>tom</name>
   <age>20</age>
   <email>[e-mail]</email>
 </person>

也可以读写文件

package main

import (
    "encoding/xml"
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "os"
)

type Person struct {
    XMLName xml.Name `xml:"person"`
    Name    string   `xml:"name"`
    Age     int      `xml:"age"`
    Email   string   `xml:"email"`
}

func read() {
    b, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("a.xml")
    var p Person
    xml.Unmarshal(b, &p)
    fmt.Printf("p: %v\n", p)

}

func write() {
    p := Person{
        Name: "tom",
        Age: 20,
        Email: "[e-mail]",
    }

    f, _ := os.OpenFile("a.xml", os.O_WRONLY, 0777)
    defer f.Close()
    e := xml.NewEncoder(f)
    e.Encode(p)

}

func main() {
    read()
}

运行结果

[Running] go run "/Users/guoliang/Documents/Source Code/go/test.go"
p: {{ person} tom 20 [e-mail]}

package main

import (
    "encoding/xml"
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "os"
)

type Person struct {
    XMLName xml.Name `xml:"person"`
    Name    string   `xml:"name"`
    Age     int      `xml:"age"`
    Email   string   `xml:"email"`
}

func read() {
    b, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("a.xml")
    var p Person
    xml.Unmarshal(b, &p)
    fmt.Printf("p: %v\n", p)

}

func write() {
    p := Person{
        Name: "tom",
        Age: 20,
        Email: "[e-mail]",
    }

    f, _ := os.OpenFile("a.xml", os.O_WRONLY, 0777)
    defer f.Close()
    e := xml.NewEncoder(f)
    e.Encode(p)

}

func main() {
    write()
}

运行结果

<person><name>tom</name><age>20</age><email>[e-mail]</email></person>