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linux 网卡tx-checksumming和tx-checksum-ip-generic

轩辕炎彬
2023-12-01

原文地址:
https://www.cnblogs.com/10087622blog/p/15886345.html

[root@10 ~]# ethtool -K eth0 tx-checksumming on   //caq:大写的K用来调整feature
[root@10 ~]# ethtool -k eth0                      //caq:小写的k用来查看feature
Features for eth0:
rx-checksumming: off [fixed]
tx-checksumming: on
        tx-checksum-ipv4: off [fixed]
        tx-checksum-ip-generic: on
        tx-checksum-ipv6: off [fixed]
        tx-checksum-fcoe-crc: off [fixed]
        tx-checksum-sctp: off [fixed]

问题是:
Q1、tx-checksum-ip-generic对应的feature是什么?
Q2、为什么 tx-checksum-ip-generic 为on ,而 tx-checksum-ipv4 是off 并且是[fixed]呢?
Q3、ethtool打印的[fixed]代表啥?
Q4、tx-checksum-ip-generic 与 tx-checksum-ipv4 以及 tx-checksum-ipv6 的关系是?

A1:从如下的代码中,我们知道, NETIF_F_HW_CSUM_BIT 其实就对应着 tx-checksum-ip-generic 。

static const char netdev_features_strings[NETDEV_FEATURE_COUNT][ETH_GSTRING_LEN] = {
	[NETIF_F_SG_BIT] =               "tx-scatter-gather",
	[NETIF_F_IP_CSUM_BIT] =          "tx-checksum-ipv4",
	[NETIF_F_HW_CSUM_BIT] =          "tx-checksum-ip-generic",//caq:对user展示为 tx-checksum-ip-generic,其实就是 NETIF_F_HW_CSUM_BIT
	[NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM_BIT] =        "tx-checksum-ipv6",


#define __NETIF_F_BIT(bit)	((netdev_features_t)1 << (bit))
#define __NETIF_F(name)		__NETIF_F_BIT(NETIF_F_##name##_BIT)
**#define NETIF_F_HW_CSUM		__NETIF_F(HW_CSUM)**
#define NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_CTAG_FILTER __NETIF_F(HW_VLAN_CTAG_FILTER)
#define NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_CTAG_RX	__NETIF_F(HW_VLAN_CTAG_RX)
#define NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_CTAG_TX	__NETIF_F(HW_VLAN_CTAG_TX)
**#define NETIF_F_IP_CSUM		__NETIF_F(IP_CSUM)**  //caq: NETIF_F_IP_CSUM 就是 1<< NETIF_F_IP_CSUM_BIT
**#define NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM	__NETIF_F(IPV6_CSUM)**

enum {
	NETIF_F_SG_BIT,			/* Scatter/gather IO. */
	NETIF_F_IP_CSUM_BIT,		/* Can checksum TCP/UDP over IPv4. */
	__UNUSED_NETIF_F_1,
	NETIF_F_HW_CSUM_BIT,		**/* Can checksum all the packets. */**
	NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM_BIT,		/* Can checksum TCP/UDP over IPV6 */

A2:

static int virtnet_probe(struct virtio_device *vdev)
{
.....
/* Do we support "hardware" checksums? */
	if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_NET_F_CSUM)) {//caq:设备进行校验和计算
		/* This opens up the world of extra features. */
		dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_HW_CSUM | NETIF_F_SG;
		if (csum)
			dev->features |= NETIF_F_HW_CSUM | NETIF_F_SG;
.....
}

说明virtio_net设备,如果 VIRTIO_NET_F_CSUM 设置的话,只是具备了 NETIF_F_HW_CSUM 的feature,所以它展示为on,而
NETIF_F_IP_CSUM并没有设置,所以为off

A3:
参考https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27478810/what-does-the-meaning-of-fixed-string-in-output-of-ethtool-command,
Those are the parameters that cant be changed, they are “fixed”,也就是固定的意思,不可更改。有兴趣的同学或者可以参考ethtool的源码。

A4:
查看相关的合入记录,以及参考 kernel的资料,一般认为:
NETIF_F_HW_CSUM is a superset of NETIF_F_IP_CSUM + NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM. It means that device can fill TCP/UDP-like checksum anywhere in the packets whatever headers there might be.
也就是说,NETIF_F_HW_CSUM 是 NETIF_F_IP_CSUM 和 NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM 的一个超集。
那是不是说 NETIF_F_HW_CSUM 设置了on,则 NETIF_F_IP_CSUM 一定是on呢?显然不是,这个超级就像 你用推土机挖山,也可以用锄头或者铁锹,推土机从
功能上看覆盖了锄头和铁锹,但是你要用推土机挖一锄头,还得使能它具备锄头的能力才行。也就是特性上,目前还维护了三个。
但是既然是硬件计算校验和,NETIF_F_HW_CSUM从功能上显然是能覆盖,所以
NETIF_F_HW_CSUM 的出现,显得 NETIF_F_IP_CSUM 和 NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM 就过时了。这个也和
https://lwn.net/Articles/666178/ 这篇文章说的类似。第四个问题解答完毕。

Many drivers advertise NETIF_F_IP_CSUM and NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM and it
probably isn't feasible to convert them all in a given time frame
(although if we could this would be a great simplification to the
stack). A reasonable direction may be to declare that new drivers must
use NETIF_F_HW_CSUM as NETIF_F_IP_CSUM and NETIF_F_IPV6_CSUM are
considered deprecated.

参考资料:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v5.14/networking/netdev-features.html

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