Go语言Web编程实现Get和Post请求发送与解析的方法详解

本文实例讲述了Go语言Web编程实现Get和Post请求发送与解析的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

这是一篇入门文章，通过一个简单的例子介绍Golang的Web编程主要用到的技术。

文章结构包括：

1. Client-Get 请求
2. Client-Post 请求
3. Server 处理 Get 和 Post 数据

在数据的封装中，我们部分采用了json，因而本文也涉及到Golang中json的编码和解码。

一、Client-Get

package main

import (

        "fmt"

        "net/url"

        "net/http"

        "io/ioutil"

        "log"

)

func main() {

        u, _ := url.Parse("http://localhost:9001/xiaoyue")

        q := u.Query()

        q.Set("username", "user")

        q.Set("password", "passwd")

        u.RawQuery = q.Encode()

        res, err := http.Get(u.String());

        if err != nil {

              log.Fatal(err) return

        }

        result, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)

        res.Body.Close()

        if err != nil {

              log.Fatal(err) return

        }

        fmt.Printf("%s", result)

}

二、Client-Post

package main

import (

        "fmt"

        "net/url"

        "net/http"

        "io/ioutil"

        "log"

        "bytes"

        "encoding/json"

)

type Server struct {

        ServerName string

        ServerIP   string

}

type Serverslice struct {

        Servers []Server

        ServersID  string

}

func main() {

        var s Serverslice

        var newServer Server;

        newServer.ServerName = "Guangzhou_VPN";

        newServer.ServerIP = "127.0.0.1"

        s.Servers = append(s.Servers, newServer)

        s.Servers = append(s.Servers, Server{ServerName: "Shanghai_VPN", ServerIP: "127.0.0.2"})

        s.Servers = append(s.Servers, Server{ServerName: "Beijing_VPN", ServerIP: "127.0.0.3"})

        s.ServersID = "team1"

        b, err := json.Marshal(s)

        if err != nil {

                fmt.Println("json err:", err)

        }

        body := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte(b))

        res,err := http.Post("http://localhost:9001/xiaoyue", "application/json;charset=utf-8", body)

        if err != nil {

                log.Fatal(err)

                return

        }

        result, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)

        res.Body.Close()

        if err != nil {

                log.Fatal(err)

                return

        }

        fmt.Printf("%s", result)

}

三、Server

package main

import (

        "fmt"

        "net/http"

        "strings"

        "html"

        "io/ioutil"

        "encoding/json"

)

type Server struct {

        ServerName string

        ServerIP   string

}

type Serverslice struct {

        Servers []Server

        ServersID  string

}

func main() {

        http.HandleFunc("/", handler)

        http.ListenAndServe(":9001", nil)

}

func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {

        r.ParseForm() //解析参数，默认是不会解析的

        fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hi, I love you %s", html.EscapeString(r.URL.Path[1:]))

        if r.Method == "GET" {

                fmt.Println("method:", r.Method) //获取请求的方法

                fmt.Println("username", r.Form["username"])

                fmt.Println("password", r.Form["password"])

                for k, v := range r.Form {

                        fmt.Print("key:", k, "; ")

                        fmt.Println("val:", strings.Join(v, ""))

                }

        } else if r.Method == "POST" {

                result, _:= ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)

                r.Body.Close()

                fmt.Printf("%s\n", result)

                //未知类型的推荐处理方法

                var f interface{}

                json.Unmarshal(result, &f)

                m := f.(map[string]interface{})

                for k, v := range m {

                        switch vv := v.(type) {

                                case string:

                                        fmt.Println(k, "is string", vv)

                                case int:

                                        fmt.Println(k, "is int", vv)

                                case float64:

                                        fmt.Println(k,"is float64",vv)

                                case []interface{}:

                                        fmt.Println(k, "is an array:")

                                        for i, u := range vv {

                                                fmt.Println(i, u)

                                        }

                                default:

                                        fmt.Println(k, "is of a type I don't know how to handle")

                         }

                  }

                 //结构已知，解析到结构体

                 var s Serverslice;

                 json.Unmarshal([]byte(result), &s)

                 fmt.Println(s.ServersID);

                 for i:=0; i<len(s.Servers); i++ {

                         fmt.Println(s.Servers[i].ServerName)

                         fmt.Println(s.Servers[i].ServerIP)

                 }

        }

}

希望本文所述对大家Go语言程序设计有所帮助。