SpringBoot异步任务使用方法详解

步骤，如图所示：

1.添加异步任务业务类

package top.ytheng.demo.task;

import java.util.concurrent.Future;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncResult;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

//异步任务业务类
@Component
//标记此类是异步类，也可在方法中标记
//不加，则类里面的方法为同步执行
@Async
public class AsyncTask {

  public void task1() throws InterruptedException {
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Thread.sleep(1000);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.println("任务1耗时：" + (end - begin));
  }
  
  public void task2() throws InterruptedException {
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Thread.sleep(2000);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.println("任务2耗时：" + (end - begin));
  }
  
  public void task3() throws InterruptedException {
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.println("任务3耗时：" + (end - begin));
  }
  
  //测试拿到返回结果
  public Future<String> task4() throws InterruptedException {
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Thread.sleep(1000);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.println("任务4耗时：" + (end - begin));
    return new AsyncResult<String>("任务4");
  }
  
  public Future<String> task5() throws InterruptedException {
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Thread.sleep(2000);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.println("任务5耗时：" + (end - begin));
    return new AsyncResult<String>("任务5");
  }
  
  public Future<String> task6() throws InterruptedException {
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.println("任务6耗时：" + (end - begin));
    return new AsyncResult<String>("任务6");
  }
}

2.添加测试控制器

package top.ytheng.demo.controller;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import top.ytheng.demo.task.AsyncTask;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("api/v1/async")
public class TaskController {

  @Autowired
  private AsyncTask asyncTask;
  
  @GetMapping("/test")
  public Object test() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    //asyncTask.task1();
    //asyncTask.task2();
    //asyncTask.task3();
    Future<String> result1 = asyncTask.task4();
    Future<String> result2 = asyncTask.task5();
    Future<String> result3 = asyncTask.task6();
    System.out.println("返回结果:" + result1.get() + "," + result2.get() + "," + result3.get());
    for(;;) {
      if(result1.isDone() && result2.isDone() && result3.isDone()) {
        break;
      }
    }
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long total = end - begin;
    System.out.println("总耗时：" + total);
    return "总耗时:" + total;
  }
}

3.添加启动类

package top.ytheng.demo;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;

@SpringBootApplication //等于下面3个
//@SpringBootConfiguration
//@EnableAutoConfiguration
//@ComponentScan
//拦截器用到
@ServletComponentScan
//MyBatis用到
@MapperScan("top.ytheng.demo.mapper")
//定时使用(开启定时任务)
@EnableScheduling
//开启异步任务
@EnableAsync
public class DemoApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
  }
}

4.右键项目Run As启动，访问url

http://localhost:8080/api/v1/async/test

结果：

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持小牛知识库。